Lower back pain

Lower Back Pain (Lumbago)

Lower back pain, also known as Lumbago, is a common condition affecting the lumbar region of your spine – that's the lower part between your ribcage and pelvis. This area includes five vertebrae (L1-L5), along with the muscles, ligaments, discs, and nerves that support and stabilise it. The pain itself can vary, from a dull, constant ache to sharp, shooting sensations that might even travel into your buttocks, hips, or legs. It can be acute, lasting a few days or weeks, or chronic, persisting for three months or longer.

Common Causes of Lower Back Pain

Lower back pain can stem from various causes, including:

• Muscle strains from activities like lifting, twisting, or sudden movements.

• Disc problems, such as a herniated or degenerated disc, where the cushioning structures between your vertebrae become damaged.

• Joint dysfunction, where the small facet joints connecting your vertebrae become restricted or inflamed.

• Postural issues from prolonged sitting or poor ergonomics.

• Muscle imbalances that place excessive stress on your spinal structures.

Factors like age-related wear and tear, previous injuries, stress, poor physical fitness, obesity, or underlying medical conditions can also influence its development. Most lower back pain is mechanical, meaning it's related to how your spine moves and functions rather than serious structural damage. However, it can significantly impact your daily activities, sleep, work performance, and overall quality of life. The pain may worsen with certain movements like bending forward, prolonged sitting, or standing up from a chair, but often improves with gentle movement, changes in position, or rest. Understanding these patterns helps guide the right treatment approach for you.